{"id":42799,"date":"2026-03-05T08:40:09","date_gmt":"2026-03-05T07:40:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deepseareporter.com\/?p=42799"},"modified":"2026-03-06T10:42:01","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T09:42:01","slug":"passionerad-expert-pa-pygme-sjohastar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deepseareporter.com\/sv\/passionerad-expert-pa-pygme-sjohastar\/","title":{"rendered":"Passionerad expert p\u00e5 pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4star"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

H\u00e4ngiven havet: Dr. Richard Smith.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Havets minsta sj\u00f6h\u00e4star v\u00e4cker global uppm\u00e4rksamhet tack vare det banbrytande arbetet av Dr Richard Smith, en brittisk marinbiolog och undervattensfotograf. Han har blivit v\u00e4rldens ledande auktoritet p\u00e5 pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4star.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Text: Judith Vincent<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f6t\u00a0Dr. Richard Smith<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 en prisbel\u00f6nt brittisk undervattensfotograf, f\u00f6rfattare och marinbiolog som \u00e4gnar sig \u00e5t bevarandet av The World Beneath (V\u00e4rlden under ytan). Det \u00e4r ocks\u00e5 titeln p\u00e5 hans bok. Richard Smith har en kandidatexamen i zoologi, en magisterexamen i marin ekologi och evolution samt en doktorsexamen som han erh\u00f6ll f\u00f6r sin banbrytande forskning om pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4star \u2013 den f\u00f6rsta doktorsexamen som n\u00e5gonsin utdelats inom detta \u00e4mne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Allt b\u00f6rjade f\u00f6r ungef\u00e4r 20 \u00e5r sedan, n\u00e4r Richard Smith letade efter en doktorandtj\u00e4nst f\u00f6r att forts\u00e4tta sin karri\u00e4r som marinbiolog i Australien. N\u00e4r han b\u00f6rjade fundera p\u00e5 vad som skulle vara intressant och viktigt att studera, och samtidigt n\u00e5got han kunde vara \u201dsuperpassionerad\u201d f\u00f6r, hamnade han, som han sj\u00e4lv s\u00e4ger, \u201dp\u00e5 den galna v\u00e4gen med pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4star\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ingen hade n\u00e5gonsin studerat de sm\u00e5 varelserna som \u00e4r ungef\u00e4r lika l\u00e5nga som en tumnagel. Det blev hans kall, och han banade v\u00e4g f\u00f6r sitt senare engagemang i uppt\u00e4ckten av tv\u00e5 nya arter: den japanska pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4sten (Hippocampus japapigu, uppt\u00e4ckt 2018) och Sodwana-pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4sten (Hippocampus nalu, beskriven 2020). Den senare \u00e4r den nyaste i familjen av pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4star och den f\u00f6rsta som hittats i Indiska oceanen, n\u00e4ra Mo\u00e7ambique p\u00e5 Sydafrikas \u00f6stkust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dr Smith och hans kollegor namngav de tv\u00e5 sista arterna av v\u00e4rldens \u00e5tta uppt\u00e4ckta arter av dv\u00e4rgsj\u00f6h\u00e4star.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Foto: Dr. Richard Smith. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4star har hittats p\u00e5 s\u00e5 stora djup som 120 meter, men vanligtvis lever de p\u00e5 cirka 20 meters djup.
Den f\u00f6rsta pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4sten uppt\u00e4cktes och namngavs 1970. Eftersom de \u00e4r s\u00e5 sm\u00e5 tog det mer \u00e4n tre decennier att uppt\u00e4cka n\u00e4sta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I sitt doktorandarbete fokuserade Richard Smith p\u00e5 studier av de tv\u00e5 arter som lever p\u00e5 gorgoniska koraller, p\u00e5 8\u201310 meters djup. Han tillbringade hundratals timmar med att bara observera och dokumentera. En del av arbetet bestod i att observera deras reproduktiva och sociala beteenden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ett annorlunda reproduktionsbeteende<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Genom att tillbringa s\u00e5 mycket tid i vattnet med dessa sv\u00e5rf\u00e5ngade varelser blev Richard en expert p\u00e5 att hitta dem. Det har alltid varit k\u00e4nt att alla sj\u00f6h\u00e4star \u00e4r trogna monogama, vilket \u00e4r mycket ovanligt i naturen. Men Richard Smith uppt\u00e4ckte att dessa pygm\u00e9er ibland \u00e4r sexuellt promisku\u00f6sa. Han f\u00f6rklarar att det beror p\u00e5 att de \u00e4r fast i sina sm\u00e5 grupper p\u00e5 sj\u00f6fj\u00e4derkoraller under hela sitt vuxna liv.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Jag hittade en hona som parade sig med tv\u00e5 olika hanar, vilket \u00e4r sp\u00e4nnande om man befinner sig i sj\u00f6h\u00e4starnas v\u00e4rld, s\u00e4ger han.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Det var uppenbarligen ett annat parningssystem \u00e4n det man normalt sett. Hanarna konkurrerade allts\u00e5 med varandra. Och medan hjortar sl\u00e5ss med sina stora horn, s\u00e5g jag pygm\u00e9hanarna strypa varandra med sina svansar och s\u00e5nt, vilket var ganska galet att se. Men v\u00e4ldigt h\u00e4ftigt, det var verkligen ett privilegium att f\u00e5 se allt det d\u00e4r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Efter att han avslutat sin doktorsexamen blev han inbjuden att g\u00e5 med i Internationella naturv\u00e5rdsunionen (IUCN), d\u00e4r han \u00e4r ledande forskare i Seahorse, Pipefish and Seadragon Specialist Group. Han arbetar f\u00f6r att \u00f6ka f\u00f6rst\u00e5elsen och bevarandet av dessa arter, ofta via medborgarvetenskap genom sina expeditioner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Varf\u00f6r ska vi bry oss om sm\u00e5 sj\u00f6h\u00e4star? <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e5ra ekosystem \u00e4r hotade, och \u00e4ven de allra minsta organismerna \u00e4r en viktig del av dem. Han tror att m\u00e4nniskor inte bryr sig om saker som de inte vet existerar. Och att m\u00e4nniskor inte alltid vet vad vi f\u00f6rlorar. Det \u00e4r d\u00e4rf\u00f6r han ocks\u00e5 blev f\u00f6rfattare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Med sin bok The World Beneath: The Life and Times of Unknown Sea Creatures and Coral Reefs<\/a> hoppas han v\u00e4cka allm\u00e4nhetens nyfikenhet. N\u00e4r koraller bleks f\u00f6rlorar inte bara pygm\u00e9-sj\u00f6h\u00e4star sina hem, utan korallrev \u00e4r ocks\u00e5 hem f\u00f6r n\u00e5gra av de mest biologiskt m\u00e5ngfaldiga ekosystemen p\u00e5 planeten. Genom vetenskap, fotografi och ber\u00e4ttande ser Richard Smith till att n\u00e5gra av havens minsta inv\u00e5nare inte l\u00e4ngre f\u00f6rbises.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00e4ngiven havet: Dr. Richard Smith.<\/p>\n

Havets minsta sj\u00f6h\u00e4star v\u00e4cker global uppm\u00e4rksamhet tack vare det banbrytande arbetet av Dr Richard Smith, en brittisk marinbiolog och undervattensfotograf. Han har blivit v\u00e4rldens ledande auktoritet p\u00e5 dv\u00e4rgsj\u00f6h\u00e4star.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":42800,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[252,580,1],"tags":[4338,1629,4340,4339],"class_list":["post-42799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forskning","category-internationellt","category-ovrigt","tag-dr-richard-smith","tag-hangiven-havet","tag-marinbiologi","tag-pygmesjohastar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPassionerad expert p\u00e5 pygm\u00e9sj\u00f6h\u00e4star - Deep Sea Reporter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u00e4ngiven havet: Dr. Richard Smith.Havets minsta sj\u00f6h\u00e4star v\u00e4cker global uppm\u00e4rksamhet tack vare det banbrytande arbetet av Dr Richard Smith, en brittisk marinbiolog och undervattensfotograf. 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