{"id":27839,"date":"2023-05-23T13:53:21","date_gmt":"2023-05-23T11:53:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deepseareporter.com\/?p=27839"},"modified":"2025-03-03T08:56:19","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T07:56:19","slug":"unik-somnlosning-drommande-dyk-mot-botten","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.deepseareporter.com\/sv\/unik-somnlosning-drommande-dyk-mot-botten\/","title":{"rendered":"Unik s\u00f6mnl\u00f6sning – Dr\u00f6mmande dyk mot botten"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00c4r du omgiven av rovdjur \u00e4r det farligt att sova, men sj\u00f6elefanterna har funnit sin egen fascinerande l\u00f6sning.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

De dyker ner\u00e5t mot s\u00e4krare djup, till\u00e5ter sig att sl\u00e4ppa kontrollen en liten stund \u2013 och singlar sovande i en dr\u00f6mmig spiral ner mot botten.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Sovande sj\u00f6elefanter p\u00e5 stranden vid A\u00f1o Nuevo i Kalifornien. Foto: Jessica Kendall-Bar\/University of California, Santa Cruz\/TT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sj\u00f6elefanters s\u00f6mn har l\u00e4nge varit en g\u00e5ta f\u00f6r forskarna. Under parningss\u00e4songen kan de sova mer \u00e4n tio timmar per dygn p\u00e5 stranden \u2013 men hur g\u00f6r de n\u00e4r de \u00e4r l\u00e5ngt ute till havs f\u00f6r att s\u00f6ka f\u00f6da, ibland upp\u00e5t \u00e5tta m\u00e5nader i ett str\u00e4ck?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nu visar ny forskning att den nordliga sj\u00f6elefanten under dessa perioder kan pressa ner sovandet till bara cirka tv\u00e5 timmar per dygn. Det \u00e4r lika lite som den landbaserade afrikanska elefanten, som hittills varit d\u00e4ggdjurens v\u00e4rldsrekordinnehavare i forskardokumenterat litet s\u00f6mnbehov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Men sj\u00f6elefanter kan inte h\u00e5lla andan tv\u00e5 timmar i str\u00e4ck, s\u00e5 i st\u00e4llet tar de sig upprepade kortare tupplurar under halvtimmesl\u00e5nga dykningar. N\u00e4r syret b\u00f6rjar ta slut skjuter de snabbt fart upp mot havsytan igen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Sj\u00f6elefanterna \u00e4r ovanliga genom att de kan skifta mellan att sova mycket n\u00e4r de \u00e4r p\u00e5 land, mer \u00e4n tio timmar om dagen, och tv\u00e5 timmar eller mindre n\u00e4r de \u00e4r ute till havs, s\u00e4ger forskaren Jessica Kendall-Bar i ett\u00a0pressutskick<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Nordliga sj\u00f6elefanter kan spendera sju till \u00e5tta m\u00e5nader p\u00e5 jakt efter f\u00f6da i norra Stilla havet, tusentals mil fr\u00e5n land. Nu har forskare tagit reda p\u00e5 hur och var de sover n\u00e4r de \u00e4r p\u00e5 \u00f6ppet hav. Grafik: Anna-Lena Lindqvist\/TT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

”Farligt att sova”<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Varken m\u00e4nniskor eller djur fungerar utan s\u00f6mn, men det m\u00e5ste ske under s\u00e4kra former. Varje art har hittat sin l\u00f6sning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bj\u00f6rnar drar sig tillbaka i iden i m\u00e5nader, igelkottar g\u00e5r i n\u00e4ra-d\u00f6den-liknande vinterdvala i l\u00f6vh\u00f6gar och h\u00e4star sover p\u00e5 st\u00e5ende fot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-F\u00f6rlorar man kontrollen \u00f6ver omgivningen s\u00e5 \u00e4r det ju farligt att sova i vissa situationer, som att f\u00f6r en m\u00e4nniska somna vid ratten n\u00e4r man k\u00f6r bil, s\u00e4ger Anders Hedenstr\u00f6m, professor i teoretisk ekologi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Valar och delfiner l\u00f6ser problemet genom att sova med en hj\u00e4rnhalva i taget, vilket g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att st\u00e4ndigt h\u00e5lla ett \u00f6ga \u00f6ppet och ha koll p\u00e5 omgivningen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vissa f\u00e5gelarter passar p\u00e5 att sova p\u00e5 h\u00f6ga h\u00f6jder under glidflygning, medan andra f\u00e5gelarter kan tvinga sig till vakenhet flera dygn i str\u00e4ck n\u00e4r de flyttar \u2013 men sedan sova desto mer n\u00e4r de \u00e4r framme. Ett exempel \u00e4r myrspoven som flyger nonstop mellan Alaska och Nya Zeeland, en f\u00e4rd som tar \u00e5tta dygn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Man ser att n\u00e4r flyttf\u00e5glar anl\u00e4nder efter s\u00e5 l\u00e5ng flygning \u00e4r det f\u00f6rsta de g\u00f6r att st\u00e4lla sig och sova, snarare \u00e4n att \u00e4ta, ber\u00e4ttar Anders Hedenstr\u00f6m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I sj\u00f6elefanternas fall g\u00e4ller det att under l\u00e5ngf\u00e4rderna ute p\u00e5 havet inte tappa kontrollen \u00f6ver synen eller andra sinnesorgan n\u00e4ra havsytan, f\u00f6r d\u00e5 riskerar de att bli attackerade av vithajar eller sp\u00e4ckhuggare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
En grupp vilande sj\u00f6elefanter och deras kutar p\u00e5 Drakes Beach i nationalparken Point Reyes i Kalifornien i USA. Foto: Eric Risberg\/AP\/TT <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kartl\u00e4gga sovlandskapet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jessica Kendall-Bar och hennes kollegor vid University of California i San Diego satte p\u00e5 13 unga sj\u00f6elefanthonor utrustning som liknar den som anv\u00e4nds i s\u00f6mnlaboratorier och dessutom annan apparatur f\u00f6r att f\u00f6lja deras r\u00f6relsem\u00f6nster n\u00e4r de simmade \u00f6ver Montereybukten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under denna f\u00f6rh\u00e5llandevis korta tur registrerades totalt 104 dykningar ner mot botten d\u00e5 sj\u00f6elefanterna sov. Datan kunde sedan kombineras med tidigare insamlade uppgifter om 334 vuxna sj\u00f6elefanters r\u00f6relsem\u00f6nster l\u00e5ngt ute till havs och nyligen presenterades resultatet i den vetenskapliga tidskriften Science.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Sov gott. Vilande sj\u00f6elefanter, fotograferade i nationalparken i Point Reys i kalifornien i USA. Foto: John Burgess\/AP\/TT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

En av po\u00e4ngerna med att kartl\u00e4gga s\u00f6mnm\u00f6nster hos marina d\u00e4ggdjur \u00e4r att det ger st\u00f6rre insikt i hur de kan skyddas. Forskarna bakom studien har velat kartl\u00e4gga det de kallar sj\u00f6elefanternas sovlandskap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vanligtvis f\u00f6rs\u00f6ker man skydda de omr\u00e5den som djur s\u00f6ker sig till f\u00f6r att hitta f\u00f6da, men kanske \u00e4r platserna d\u00e4r de sover lika viktiga, konstaterar Jessica Kendall-Bar, som nu ska anv\u00e4nda samma metoder f\u00f6r att unders\u00f6ka fler arter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c4r du omgiven av rovdjur \u00e4r det farligt att sova, men sj\u00f6elefanterna har funnit sin egen fascinerande l\u00f6sning.<\/p>\n

De dyker ner\u00e5t mot s\u00e4krare djup, till\u00e5ter sig att sl\u00e4ppa kontrollen en liten stund \u2013 och singlar sovande i en dr\u00f6mmig spiral ner mot botten.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":27840,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[252],"tags":[1314,1311,1313],"class_list":["post-27839","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forskning","tag-sjoelefanter","tag-somn","tag-somnforskning"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUnik s\u00f6mnl\u00f6sning - Dr\u00f6mmande dyk mot botten - Deep Sea Reporter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00c4r du omgiven av rovdjur \u00e4r det farligt att sova, men sj\u00f6elefanterna har funnit sin egen fascinerande l\u00f6sning.De dyker ner\u00e5t mot s\u00e4krare djup, till\u00e5ter sig att sl\u00e4ppa kontrollen en liten stund \u2013 och singlar sovande i en dr\u00f6mmig spiral ner mot botten.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.deepseareporter.com\/sv\/unik-somnlosning-drommande-dyk-mot-botten\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sv_SE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Unik s\u00f6mnl\u00f6sning - 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